CY 2013 and 2014 buffalo (carabeef) production levels are up slightly to 3.85 and 4.1 million metric tons (MMT) carcass weight equivalent (CWE) on continued efficiency gains in the dairy sector. Although no clear facts have emerged to confirm the veracity of the current foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) outbreak, expectations are that FMD will cause some losses in southern India.