QUILLAIA EXTRACT (TYPE 1)
Specifications prepared at the 61st JECFA (2003) and published in FNP 52 Add 11 (2003). The previous tentative specifications for Quillaia extracts prepared at the 57th JECFA (2001), published in FNP 52 Add 9 (2001), are replaced by these and by separate specifications for “Quillaia extract (Type 2)”. A group ADI of 0-1 mg quillaia saponins /kg bw for Quillaia ExtractsTypes 1 & 2 was established at 65th JECFA (2005)
SYNONYMS Quillaja extract, Soapbark extract, Quillay bark extract, Bois de Panama, Panama bark extract, Quillai extract; INS No. 999(i)
DEFINITION Quillaia extract (Type 1) is obtained by aqueous extraction of the milled inner bark or of the wood of pruned stems and branches of Quillaja saponaria Molina (family Rosaceae). It contains triterpenoid saponins (quillaia saponins, QS) consisting predominantly of glycosides of quillaic acid. Polyphenols and tannins are major components and some sugars and calcium oxalate will be present. Quillaia extract (Type 1) is available commercially as liquid product or as spray-dried powder that may contain carriers such as lactose, maltitol or
maltodextrin. The liquid product is usually preserved with sodium benzoate or ethanol.
C.A.S. number 68990-67-0
Formula weight Monomeric saponins range from ca. 1800 to ca. 2300, consistent with a triterpene with 8-10 monosaccharide residues
Assay Saponin content: not less than 20 % and not more than 26 % on the dried basis
DESCRIPTION Red-brownish liquid or light brown powder with a pink tinge
FUNCTIONAL USES Emulsifier, foaming agent
